Why Does France Shut Down in August?
Every summer, a quiet transformation sweeps across France. Cities empty, shops close, and signs reading “Fermé pour congés annuels” appear across windows. But where does everyone go? And why has this annual exodus become so deeply embedded in French culture?
In this episode of WRP Presents, host Héloïse Daniel explores the historical and sociological roots of France’s August shutdown — and takes us on a tour of the landscapes that define the French summer.
A Nation Built on Paid Vacation
France was the first country in the world to legalize paid time off and it shows. Since 1936, when the Popular Front government introduced mandatory vacation days, summer holidays have become more than just time away. They’re a national tradition. Today, French workers enjoy five weeks of paid vacation, and August remains the month when everything from factories to boulangeries closes.
Where Do the French Go on Holiday?
From seaside towns to mountain escapes, where you vacation in France often says something about who you are. Here’s a look at the most popular French holiday destinations:
The French Riviera (or Côte d’Azur)
Luxury, glamour, and sea views define towns like Saint-Tropez, Antibes, Menton or Cannes. But this stretch of Mediterranean coast is also crowded and unapologetically expensive, often attracting celebrities, yacht owners, and wealthy tourists.
The Atlantic Coast
More relaxed and weather-dependent, regions like Brittany, the Landes, Vendée and the Basque Country are ideal for families. With dramatic coastlines and pristine nature, these areas offer cooler temperatures and space to breathe.
Dordogne, Ardèche & Provence
For affordable inland charm, many head to river-rich regions like Dordogne (known for castles and prehistoric caves), Ardèche (perfect for kayaking), or Provence, with its lavender fields and hilltop villages.
Moutain Retreats: The French Alps, Pyrénées and Jura
Mountains aren’t just for winter. In August, Chamonix, Annecy, and Cauterets offer hiking, lake swimming, and quietude. Many French families escape the heat and crowds by heading to higher altitudes.
What If You Stay in the City?
About one-third of French people don’t go on holiday, often due to financial limits or family obligations. But cities like Paris adapt: with Paris Plages, free events like outdoor cinemas, and quiet streets, some residents choose to stay put and enjoy the calm.
August in Paris becomes something of a secret season: quiet streets, empty terraces, the freedom to wander. It’s a kind of inverted holiday, one that belongs only to those who remain.
🎧 Listen to the full episode of World Radio Paris Presents: Why France Shuts Down in August
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